308 research outputs found
Nonconvex Generalization of ADMM for Nonlinear Equality Constrained Problems
The ever-increasing demand for efficient and distributed optimization
algorithms for large-scale data has led to the growing popularity of the
Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). However, although the use
of ADMM to solve linear equality constrained problems is well understood, we
lacks a generic framework for solving problems with nonlinear equality
constraints, which are common in practical applications (e.g., spherical
constraints). To address this problem, we are proposing a new generic ADMM
framework for handling nonlinear equality constraints, neADMM. After
introducing the generalized problem formulation and the neADMM algorithm, the
convergence properties of neADMM are discussed, along with its sublinear
convergence rate , where is the number of iterations. Next, two
important applications of neADMM are considered and the paper concludes by
describing extensive experiments on several synthetic and real-world datasets
to demonstrate the convergence and effectiveness of neADMM compared to existing
state-of-the-art methods
Curriculum Learning for Graph Neural Networks: Which Edges Should We Learn First
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in representing data
with dependencies by recursively propagating and aggregating messages along the
edges. However, edges in real-world graphs often have varying degrees of
difficulty, and some edges may even be noisy to the downstream tasks.
Therefore, existing GNNs may lead to suboptimal learned representations because
they usually treat every edge in the graph equally. On the other hand,
Curriculum Learning (CL), which mimics the human learning principle of learning
data samples in a meaningful order, has been shown to be effective in improving
the generalization ability and robustness of representation learners by
gradually proceeding from easy to more difficult samples during training.
Unfortunately, existing CL strategies are designed for independent data samples
and cannot trivially generalize to handle data dependencies. To address these
issues, we propose a novel CL strategy to gradually incorporate more edges into
training according to their difficulty from easy to hard, where the degree of
difficulty is measured by how well the edges are expected given the model
training status. We demonstrate the strength of our proposed method in
improving the generalization ability and robustness of learned representations
through extensive experiments on nine synthetic datasets and nine real-world
datasets. The code for our proposed method is available at
https://github.com/rollingstonezz/Curriculum_learning_for_GNNs.Comment: Accepted by NeurIPS 202
Degenerate lower dimensional tori in reversible systems
AbstractIn this paper we prove the persistence of lower dimensional invariant tori with prescribed frequencies and singular normal matrices in reversible systems. The normal variable is two-dimensional and the unperturbed nonlinear terms in the differential equation for this variable have a special structure
Diagnostic accuracy of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, interlukine-10 and adenosine deaminase 2 in differential diagnosis between tuberculous pleural effusion and malignant pleural effusion
BACKGROUND: The current study was performed to investigate the potential biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and malignant pleural effusions (MPE). METHODS: Among ninety patients (n = 90) involved in the study, 47 with tuberculous pleural effusion aged from 18 to 70 and 43 with secondary malignant pleural effusion aged from 34 to 78. We tested the pleural levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-10 as well as the enzyme activity of ADA(2), and then we compared the differential diagnostic efficiencies of those biochemical parameters with ADA between the two groups. RESULTS: Our results show that, the concentrations of pleural TNF-α (45.55 ± 15.85 ng/L), IFN-γ (114.97 ± 27.85 ng/L) as well as activities of ADA(2) (35.71 ± 10.00 U/L) and ADA (39.39 ± 10.60 U/L) in tuberculous group were significantly higher compared to malignant group. Furthermore, according to the ROC curve analysis the thresholds of TNF-α, IFN-γ, ADA(2) and ADA were found to be 30.3 ng/L, 103.65 ng/L, 29.45 U/L, and 39.00 U/L, respectively. TNF-α, IFN-γ and ADA(2) yielded better sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the diagnosis than ADA. Our investigation further revealed that the combinations of TNF-α and ADA(2) further increased the specificity and accuracy for the differential diagnosis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found that TNF-α, IFN-γ, ADA and ADA(2) all increased in TPE. Combinations of the TNF-α and ADA(2) yielded the best specificity and accuracy for the differential diagnosis of TPE from MPE. Our investigation suggests that the applications of TNF-α together with ADA(2) may contribute to more efficient diagnosis strategies in the management of discrimination between tuberculous and malignant pleural effusions
A Novel Scholar Embedding Model for Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Interdisciplinary collaboration has become a driving force for scientific
breakthroughs, and evaluating scholars' performance in interdisciplinary
researches is essential for promoting such collaborations.However, traditional
scholar evaluation methods based solely on individual achievements do not
consider interdisciplinary cooperation, creating a challenge for
interdisciplinary scholar evaluation and recommendation. To address this issue,
we propose a scholar embedding model that quantifies and represents scholars
based on global semantic information and social influence, enabling real-time
tracking of scholars' research trends. Our model incorporates semantic
information and social influence for interdisciplinary scholar evaluation,
laying the foundation for future interdisciplinary collaboration discovery and
recommendation projects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on a
sample of scholars from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
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